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The surname Bernard, when of Irish descent, typically originates from the Anglo-Norman settlers who came to Ireland during the medieval period. The name itself is of Old Germanic origin, deriving from the personal name Bernhard, composed of the elements bern meaning bear, and hard meaning brave or strong. After the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, the name spread to Britain, and with the subsequent Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century, it was introduced to Irish shores.

The Normans were known for establishing themselves as a ruling class in areas of Ireland, and as such, the name Bernard became associated with the aristocracy and landed gentry. The name was sometimes adapted into Irish as Beirne or Bjorn and could be found among the Gaelic Irish as well. It was predominantly found in areas where Norman influence was strongest, particularly in the east and south of the country.

Throughout history, the Bernard name has been anglicized and transformed in various regions, resulting in a range of spellings and related surnames. As families with the surname Bernard spread across Ireland and beyond, the name became a part of the wider Irish diaspora, with many bearers of the name emigrating to countries like the United States, Canada, and Australia during periods of Irish emigration, particularly during the Great Famine of the 19th century. Today, the Bernard surname of Irish descent can be found across the world, carrying with it a legacy that reflects a melding of Norman, Gaelic, and Anglo influences.

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